CardioSource WorldNews December 2014 | Page 39

Door Remains Ajar for RAS Inhibition for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy According to Anna Axelsson, MD, Harvard Medical School, who presented the data, the double-blind, randomized INHERIT trial ”did not demonstrate an effect of losartan on left ventricular mass compared to placebo in patients with overt hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and there was no effect on maximal wall thickness, connective tissue in the heart wall, exercise capacity or ability of the heart to relax.” Despite the negative trial results, Euan Ashley, MD, PhD, Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Palo Alto, California and the trial discussant, told the press that INHERIT doesn’t close the door on renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. “It may be that a drop of 12 g/m2 was an ambitious aim in this study and I certainly don’t think these findings close the door on the idea of blocking the renin-angiotensin system for therapeutic benefit in this disease.” Dementia in Patients on Chronic Antiplatelet/Anticoagulant Therapy Although the mechanism is not clear, patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at higher risk of developing all forms of dementia. Investigators evaluated 1,031 patients on aspirin plus chronic warfarin therapy (target international normalized ratio [INR] of 2-3) who were managed by the Intermountain Healthcare Clinical Pharmacist Anticoagulation Service (CPAS). The study patients had AF but no history of dementia or stroke/transient ischemic attack. Percent time with an INR above 3.0 was determined, and the primary outcome was the presence of dementia defined by neurology determined ICD9 codes. After adjusting for traditional stroke and bleeding risk factors, patients who had abnormally slow blood clotting times — INRs >3 — on 25% or more of their monitoring tests were more than twice as likely to be diagnosed with dementia than patients whose tests showed overtreatment <10% of the time. The increase is higher than what has been previously reported in patients on warfarin alone. According to T. Jared Bunch, MD, lead author of the study and director of electrophysiology at the Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute in Murray, Utah, “Even at skilled centers, it’s very common to have INR outside the ideal range up to 40% of the time, and over the years there may be an accumulative negative impact on cognitive ability.” Oxygen vs. Air: Air Wins When a patient suffering a possible MI is routinely given oxygen, the patient in that mask looks sick, but will the oxygen actually make them better than bre