Big Bend Texas Galleries & Artists 2013 | Page 14

as canvas By Tim Roberts Native American Rock Art in the Big Bend While many people come to the Big Bend region of West Texas to enjoy the current art scene, the first painted or etched imagery in the area was created by Native Americans thousands of years ago. These figures, referred to as pictographs and petroglyphs, adorn many of the rockshelters, canyon walls, and other rock outcrops across the rugged landscape of the Big Bend. At first glance, it is difficult to look beyond this imagery as a form of art; the color and composition of these figures and the expertise with which they were created makes them no less aesthetically pleasing than any contemporary piece of fine art. While the precise meaning of much of this rock art remains to be determined, the creation of much of this imagery goes well beyond aesthetics. These figures were often created as part of a ritual, and reflect the spiritual beliefs of those that painted or etched them. Other images may represent events that were important to the group or that had a significant Red monochromatic pictographs, possibly dating to the Late Archaic or Late Prehistoric periods. Chihuahuan Polychrome Abstract style pictographs impact on the community, such as the arrival of the Spanish, and their horses, to the region in the 16th century. Rock art also functioned to help define the territory of those that created the figures. Abstract and geometric figures, including vibrant multi-colored paintings belonging to the Chihuahuan Polychrome Abstract style, are thought to be the oldest rock art in the Big Bend. Some researchers believe that this imagery may be over 5,000 years old, dating to what archeologists refer to as the Early Archaic period. These abstract images, the colors of which were created using hematite, manganese, gypsum, and other mineral pigments, may represent simple forms that appeared to shamans, or spiritual leaders, in the early stages of trance. Shamans were, and still are, considered 14 • www.GalleriesArtists.com