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Step 2: Encoder? Which type? external positi on sensing availa ble (i.e. optics)? no sensor needed open loop need to get to a former position? need to know the relative displacement? need to know the position? /NUM(+) Step 3: Which environmental option? am n bi e t /RT > 10 -8 mBar pressure? > 5 x 1 0 -1 1 bak m eab Bar le /UHV /HV attoMOTION Piezo-based Nano Drives