attoPUBLICATIONS attoCATALOG-2017/18 | Page 90

Confocal Microscopy (CFM) | Transmission fundamentals Transmission experiments in confocal microscopy sometimes also require filtering and shaping of the optical beam, and hence free-beam access instead of purely fiber-based can have quite some advantages in terms of flexibility. for at least either the excitation or the detection to be free-beam. This provides the user with all the flexibility of the external optics head just like in case of the attoCFM I for one channel (plus potential reflection measurements). attoCFM IV At the same time, there are 3 degrees of freedom for the sample (xy translation under the fixed LT-APO objective as well as focussing), and another 3 degrees of freedom in xyz to position the fiber-based objec- tive underneath the sample. All positioners are usually equipped with a /RES encoder for closed loop control, and there is an additional scanner for the sample in xy direction. This instrument literally consists of a ‚conventional‘ attoCFM I, which has a free-beam based channel with any of our apochromatic objectives above the sample, and a fiber-based channel from below just like in the attoCFM III. So, despite fitting into any of our toploading cryostats, which usually features only 1 top and no side or bottom windows, this setup allows 4 attocube 5 1 11 ASC400 3 2 6 7 8 X Z Y X Z 9 10 01 ASC400 scan controller 05 Optical top window 09 xyz positioner for fiber-based objective 02 LDM600 laser source* 06 Free-beam based cryogenic LT-APO objective 10 cryostat 03 LDM600 2nd detector 07 Sample with xyz positioners and optional xy scanner 11 vacuum feedthrough for single-mode fiber 04 attoCFM I external optics head incl. optional filters 08 Fiber-based cryogenic aspheric objective S XY Z *incl. 50-50 coupler and detector PAGE 88