ASH Clinical News May 2017 NEW | Page 47

CLINICAL NEWS Investigational Drug TEW-7197 Improves Myeloma Outcomes Both as Single Agent and in Combination With Ixazomib TGF-β, a multifunctional cytokine, is produced in multiple myeloma (MM) cells and cells in the bone marrow (BM) tumor microenvironment (TME), where it also stimulates MM progression through the promotion of catabolic bone remodeling, IL-6 secretion, and Th17 T cell development. In a preclinical mouse model presented at the 2017 AACR Annual Meeting, researchers evaluated the anti-MM therapeutic potential of TEW-7197, a small molecule TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor, as a single agent or in combination with ixazomib. “Our data demonstrate that TEW-7197 effectively modulates the MM TME and is as- sociated with a potent anti-myeloma effect in an immunocompetent murine model of MM,” lead author Byung-gyu Kim, DVM, of Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, said during his presentation of the results. The preclinical immunocompetent 5T33MM model was used to characterize the role of TGF-β signaling in the BM TME. Mice with 5T33MM cells expressing luciferase were treated with TEW- 7197, ixazomib, or combination TEW-7197 plus ixazomib daily for 3 weeks. On quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, TEW-7197 attenuated the growth and vi- ability of human and murine MM cells by inducing apoptosis, and it inhibited TGF-β-induced activa- tion of Smad2/3 in MM cells in vitro. As a single agent, Dr. Kim and colleagues found that TEW-7197 inhibited MM progression (per peripheral blood monoclonal protein concentra- tion and bioluminescence imaging before and after treatment) and induced a decrease in mortality and an increase in body weight. TEW-7197 alone or in combination with ixazo- mib also attenuated TGF-β activation of Smad2/3, reduced the expansion of CD11b+Gr-1+ myeloid derived suppressor cells in BM TME, and dimin- ished the population of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the spleen. Combination therapy prolonged survival in mice and had a synergistic anti-tumor effect by significant reduction in both M-spike and BLI, compared with either TEW-7197 or ixazomib alone. “These data provide a rationale for clinical evaluation of the combination therapy of ixazomib and TEW-7197 as a potential therapeutic strategy to improve outcomes in patients with MM,” the authors concluded. TEW-7197 is also being evaluated in phase I clinical trials in patients with solid tumors and is associated with an acceptable toxicity profile. in a dose-dependent fashion. Biophysical and functional experiments indicated that BION-1301 recapitulated all charac- teristics of the murine model. In vivo, BION-1301 suppressed T cell-independent B-cell responses to the antigen NP-Ficoll. In addition, a humanized SCID model confirmed APRIL blockade, supporting the activity of BION-1301 in vivo. “[This] potentially indicates that BION-1301 is active in targeting MM cells in a tumor-protective bone marrow microenvi- ronment,” Dr. Dulos and co-authors noted. “These data suggest a rationale to develop BION- 1301 as a single agent and in combination with lenalidomide, bortezomib, or possibly checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-PD-1,” Dr. Dulos and co- authors concluded. The study was sponsored by the agent’s manu- facturer. The authors noted that BION-1301 is expected to begin phase I trials this year. Patients with relapsed/refractory indolent B-cell lympho