ASH Clinical News May 2016 | Page 24

UP FRONT Pulling Back the Curtain: Ranjana Advani, MD life is important to keeping a balance, because I think if that part of your life is not balanced, you likely won’t succeed in your career. In a typical day, what is the best part of your day and what is the part you least look forward to? I could spend all day with my patients in the clinic. It’s so engaging that I completely lose track of time. I love the clinical aspect of what I do because I get to form very meaningful relation- ADYNOVATE [Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant), PEGylated] Lyophilized Powder for Solution For Intravenous Injection Brief Summary of Prescribing Information: Please see package insert for full Prescribing Information. INDICATIONS AND USAGE ADYNOVATE, Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant), PEGylated, is a human antihemophilic factor indicated in adolescent and adult patients (12 years and older) with hemophilia A (congenital factor VIII deficiency) for: • On-demand treatment and control of bleeding episodes Table 2: Adverse Reactions Reported for ADYNOVATE MedDRA Preferred Term Number of Subjects n (%) (N=169) Percent per Infusion (N = 13579) Diarrhea 1 (0.6%) 0.01% Nausea 2 (1.2%) 0.01% Nervous System Disorders Headache 5 (3.0%) 0.06% Vascular Disorders Flushing 1 (0.6%) 0.01% MedDRA System Organ Class Gastrointestinal Disorders • Routine prophylaxis to reduce the frequency of bleeding episodes ADYNOVATE is not indicated for the treatment of von Willebrand disease. CONTRAINDICATIONS ADYNOVATE is contraindicated in patients who have had prior anaphylactic reaction to ADYNOVATE, to the parent molecule (ADVATE), mouse or hamster protein, or excipients of ADYNOVATE (e.g. Tris, mannitol, trehalose, glutathione, and/or polysorbate 80). WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Hypersensitivity Reactions Hypersensitivity reactions are possible with ADYNOVATE. Allergic-type hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported with other recombinant antihemophilic factor VIII products, including the parent molecule, ADVATE. Early signs of hypersensitivity reactions that can progress to anaphylaxis may include angioedema, chest tightness, dyspnea, wheezing, urticaria, and pruritus. Immediately discontinue administration and initiate appropriate treatment if hypersensitivity reactions occur. Neutralizing Antibodies Formation of neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) to factor VIII can occur following administration of ADYNOVATE. Monitor patients regularly for the development of factor VIII inhibitors by appropriate clinical observations and laboratory tests. Perform an assay that measures factor VIII inhibitor concentration if the plasma factor VIII level fails to increase as expected, or if bleeding is not controlled with expected dose. Monitoring Laboratory Tests • Monitor plasma factor VIII activity by performing a validated onestage clotting assay to confirm the adequate factor VIII levels have been achieved and maintained [see Dosage and Administration (2)]. • Monitor for the development of factor VIII inhibitors. Perform the Bethesda inhibitor assay to determine if factor VIII inhibitor is present. If expected factor VIII activity plasma levels are not attained, or if bleeding is not controlled with the expected dose of ADYNOVATE, use Bethesda Units (BU) to determine inhibitor levels. ADVERSE REACTIONS Common adverse reactions (≥1% of subjects) reported in the clinical studies were headache and nausea. No events of hypersensitivity were reported. Immunogenicity The risk of the development of factor VIII inhibitors with the use of ADYNOVATE was evaluated in 2 completed and 3 ongoing clinical trials. Study subjects consisted of adult (n=143 with ≥ prior 150 EDs) and pediatric PTPs [(< 6 years of age with ≥50 prior EDs (n= 3), ≥6 years of age with ≥150 prior EDs (n= 23)]. In 120 adult and pediatric PTPs who were treated for at least 50 exposure days with ADYNOVATE, the factor VIII inhibitor frequency was 0 (95% CI of 0 to 0.03) for the risk of any factor VIII inhibitor. None of the 169 individual subjects who received at least one infusion of ADYNOVATE developed neutralizing antibodies to factor VIII. Immunogenicity also was evaluated by measuring the development of binding IgG and IgM antibodies against factor VIII, PEGylated (PEG)-factor VIII, PEG and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) protein using validated ELISA assays. N one of the 169 treated subjects with at least one infusion of ADYNOVATE developed a persistent binding antibody response to any of these antigens. Thirteen subjects in total showed pre-existing antibodies to factor VIII (n=1), PEG-factor VIII (n=12) and/or PEG (n=3) prior to the first exposure to ADYNOVATE. Eight subjects who tested negative at screening developed transient IgG antibodies against factor VIII (n=5), or PEG-FVIII (n=3) at one or two consecutive study visits. Binding antibodies that were detected prior to exposure to ADYNOVATE or that transiently developed during the study could not be correlated to an impaired treatment efficacy, altered PK parameters or adverse reactions. No subject had pre-existing or treatment-emergent antibodies to CHO protein. The detection of antibodies that are reactive to factor VIII is highly dependent on many factors, including: the sensitivity and specificity of the assay, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies to ADYNOVATE with the incidence of antibodies to other products may be misleading. Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of ADYNOVATE was evaluated in 169 previously treated patients (PTPs) with severe hemophilia A (factor VIII less than 1% of normal), who received at least one dose of ADYNOVATE in 2 multi-center, prospective, open label clinical studies and 3 ongoing clinical studies. The median duration of participation per subject was 333 (min-max: 1-593) days and the median number of exposure days to ADYNOVATE per subject was 96 (min-max: 1-170). Table 2 lists the adverse reactions reported during clinical studies. ships with the patients and their extended families, especially in my long-term follow-up clinic for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. I see patients we treated more than 20 years ago coming back with their children, or showing me photographs of their grandchildren, or handing me invitations to their children’s weddings – it’s so satisfying. But, the flipside of that is the documentation that comes at the end of a 25- or 30-patient day. It’s getting more and more complex. Of course, there is bureaucracy like this in any job – whether it’s a corporation or a university or a private practice – so I try to stay focused on the positive aspects and try to ignore the negatives. What is a skill that you’d like to add to your repertoire? I trained under the British system of medicine, which is very structured. In the ninth grade you chose sciences and there was no room for a liberal arts education. Watching my children go to college in the United States, I thought, “Wow, they’re getting a real, well-rounded education.” My husband is retired, and he actually is a full-time student again, taking classes in the environment, policy, art history – all kinds of things. I would like to go back to take classes in some of the broader aspects of undergraduate education, like philosophy, music, or something completely different – not for a degree, but just for the exposure to the broader aspects of a liberal arts education. Professionally, if I had the time and the bandwidth, I would like to expand my statistics knowledge a bit more or take an “immunology 101” class. So many things have changed since I went through medical school, and so much progress has been made. I think it would be interesting to take some basic classes to learn different perspectives on how we got to where we are now. ● Baxalta, Advate, Adynovate, and Baxject are trademarks of Baxalta US Inc. Patented: see www.baxalta.com/productpatents/. Baxalta US Inc. Westlake Village, CA 91362 USA U.S. License No. 2020 Issued 11/2015 15E001-ADY-US May 2016