ASH Clinical News May 2015 | Page 65

TRAINING and EDUCATION You Make the Call Each month in “You Make the Call,” we’ll pick a challenging clinical question submitted through the Consult-a-Colleague program and post the expert’s response. But, what would YOU do? We’ll also pose a submitted question and ask you to send your responses. See how your answer matches up to the experts in the next print issue. This month, David Garcia, MD, advises on the length of anticoagulation in a patient with an idiopathic renal infarct. Clinical Dilemma: I have a 32-year-old male patient with no cardiovascular risk factors who had what looks to be an idiopathic renal infarct. The radiologist feels that the infarct was likely arterial in origin, but no source of the clot has been found. Results from the CT angiography of the entire aorta and embolic workup (including 48-hour Holter monitoring for atrial fibrillation) have been negative to date – so have the results from my APLA/PNH/MPN work-up. In this instance, how long should anticoagulation last? I am unsure what duration to recommend because the infarct was arterial and idiopathic. Data for this circumstance seem to be scarce, and I have read that the duration should be anywhere from six to 12 months to indefinitely. While I am worried about recurrence – given he had this thrombosis at such a young age – I am also cognizant of the burden that lifelong anticoagulation will bring. Consult a Colleague Through ASH Consult a Colleague is a service for ASH members that helps facilitate the exchange of information between hematologists and their peers. ASH members can seek consultation on clinical cases from qualified experts in 11 categories: David Garcia, MD Professor of Medicine Division of Hematology University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, WA However, if, after an exhaustive search, you are unable to find any anatomic or “biochemical” reason for this man’s thrombosis, I agree that you should try to initiate antiplatelet therapy at some point. Committing him to lifelong anticoagulation based on a single event is difficult to justify. Of course, you should counsel him about and document the issues you have considered in making your recommendation. DISCLAIMER: ASH does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, physicians, products, procedures, or opinions, and disclaims any representation, warranty, or guaranty as to the same. Reliance on any information provided in this article is solely at your own risk. ASHClinicalNews.org I perform T-cell receptor gene studies to establish clonality, if abnormalities in the T-cell population are detected. Do I need to order both beta and gamma analyses? I frequently order flow cytometry to establish clonality and to rule out B-cell lymphoproliferative processes. When do I need to order immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction? How would you respond? Email us at [email protected]. Experts Make the Call The plan you proposed is entirely reasonable, and I have very little to add to what you have already done for this patient. I presume the patient has had a transesophageal echocardiogram; if not, I would—in an abundance of caution—perform the test to exclude a cardiac source of embolism.  Also, if you have not already done it, I would check his serum homocysteine level. If these levels were very elevated (e.g., >15 Mmol/L), the threshold to extend anticoagulation (rather than switching to aspirin) might be lowered. Next Month’s Clinical Dilemma: • Anemias • Hematopoietic cell transplantation • Hemoglobinopathies • Hemostasis/thrombosis • Lymphomas • Lymphoproliferative disorders • Leukemias • Multiple myeloma & Waldenström macgroglobulinemia • Myeloproliferative Disorders • Myelodysplastic Syndromes • Thrombocytopenias Assigned volunteer (“colleagues”) will respond to inquiries within two business days (eithe