ASH Clinical News June 2016 | Page 37

TRAINING and EDUCATION You Make the Call Each month in “You Make the Call,” we’ll pick a challenging clinical question submitted through the Consult-a-Colleague program and post the expert’s response. But, what would YOU do? We’ll also pose a submitted question and ask you to send your responses. See how your answer matches up to the experts’ in the next print issue. This month, William C. Mentzer, MD, offers his advice about a pediatric patient with possible beta and alpha thalassemia trait. Clinical Dilemma: I have a 6-year-old, Indian male patient with normal hemoglobin (Hgb) and reticulocytes but with microcytosis (64) and an hgb electrophoresis as follows: hgb electrophoresis A 92.2% (Low), A2 4.6% (High), F 3.2% (High). Alpha thalassemia gene testing shows one alpha gene deletion. Does this child have both beta and alpha thalassemia trait? How can I tell? • Hemostasis/thrombosis • Lymphomas • Lymphoproliferative disorders • Leukemias Your patient indeed has both beta and alpha thalassemia. The high A2 and F in the presence of microcytosis confirm the presence of beta thalassemia trait (possibly deletional--beta thalassemia since both A2 and F are high). The single alpha gene deletion would be clinically silent if inherited in isolation. When found along with diminished beta globulin in production as in your patient, it should minimize the imbalance in production of alpha and beta globulin in chains, thus reducing clinical severity. Perhaps this is why your patient has no anemia. Both alpha and beta thalassemia are common in India. I suggest that you consider family studies to provide appropriate genetic counseling. • Multiple myeloma & Waldenström macroglobulinemia • Myeloproliferative disorders • Myelodysplastic syndromes • Thrombocytopenias Assigned volunteers (“colleagues”) will respond to inquiries within two business days (either by email or phone). Have a puzzling clinical dilemma? Submit a question, and read more about Consult-a-Colleague volunteers at hematology.org/Clinicians/Consult.aspx or scan the QR code. DISCLAIMER: ASH does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, physicians, products, procedures, or opinions, and disclaims any representation, warranty, or guaranty as to the same. Reliance on any information provided in this article is solely at your own risk. I have a 66-year-old female patient with no medical problems, but with an elevated white blood cell count (23,000) and a left shift. Peripheral blood FISH showed ASHClinicalNews.org •