ASH Clinical News July 2016 | Page 53

FEATURE These sites provide a platform that did not exist before, and allow patients to comment in a way that is familiar to them because it exists on so many other consumer websites.” When patients are dealing with one of the many challenging conditions treated by hematologists and oncologists, the stakes for finding a good physician are even higher, he said. Therefore, it is important that patients, as well as physicians, are informed and educated about these websites and the type of information they provide. Emergence of Ratings Websites Before the internet entered every corner of our lives, word of mouth or referrals were probably the most influential sources of good-quality information about which physicians to visit, according to Ritu Agarwal, PhD, Robert H. Smith Dean’s Chair of Information Systems and senior associate dean for Faculty and Research at the University of Maryland in College Park, Maryland. “We all trusted our doctors, and if our doctors recommended a pulmonologist or a cardiologist, we were more than likely to believe them and go to that specialist,” Dr. Agarwal said. A little more than a decade ago there was some basic information about physicians online, mostly in the form of insurance companies’ databases, she explained. Many companies maintained demographic information about physicians, as well as information about their level of experience, their educational background, and their board certification status. That all changed in 2005 when, seemingly all of a sudden, physician-rating websites started popping up. RateMDs.com was first, appearing on the scene with physician reviews, recalled Tara Lagu, MD, MPH, assistant professor of medicine at the Tufts University School of Medicine and academic hospitalist in the Center for Quality of Care Research and Department of Medicine at Baystate Medical, in Springfield, Massachusetts. “Within just a few years, a number of new websites were launched and this rating and ranking concept caused great concern among physicians,” Dr. Lagu said. Specifically, she remembers seeing articles in periodicals interviewing physicians who had bad experiences with these online ratings websites. “One of the early concerns was that patients – or anyone really – would be able to go online and write reviews of doctors. They could say whatever they wanted, and doctors would not be able to respond because of issues with confidentiality,” Dr. Lagu said. In reality, most physician-rating websites allow doctors to respond to negative reviews – to acknowledge the criticism, to address what they perceive ASHClinicalNews.org as a misrepresentation of the facts, or to explain why the patient-reviewer had such a negative experience – as long as they comply with HIPAA regulations. Per patient-privacy laws, doctors cannot disclose any protected health information in the response because the (often anonymous) reviewer has not given his or her consent to do so; the fact that the patient may have disclosed private information in the initial review does not give a doctor permission to do the same in response. The integrity of the information on these websites has always been called into question. As a result, in 2010, Dr. Lagu and colleagues investigated the quality of physician-rating sites. They searched reviews on 33 physician-rating websites between March 1 and June 30, 2009 to establish a random sample of 300 Boston physicians. More than 70 percent of the physicians did not have a review published online at the time; among those with a review, 88 percent were positive.2 “Although this online rating system was a new thing, we found that, early on, there were not a lot of reviews online,” Dr. Lagu said. But, Dr. Lagu noted, that didn’t mean that consumers weren’t looking for information about physicians. Shortly after the study’s completion, Dr. Lagu was contacted by a friend for a referral to a good dermatologist. “She said she had been looking and could not find this doctor anywhere, meaning she had looked online for reviews but there weren’t any out there,” Dr. Lagu said. “So, even back as far as 2009, patients were adjusting the way they looked for physicians.” What Are Consumers Looking For? Since that 2010 study, Dr. Lagu said that the number of physician-rating websites has decreased from more than 30 to about 17 or so, with a few clear leaders emerging. Among the most visib