ASH Clinical News February 2015 | Page 30

TRAINING and EDUCATION You Make the Call Each month in “You Make the Call,” we’ll pick a challenging clinical question submitted through the Consult-a-Colleague program and post the expert’s response. But, what would YOU do? We’ll also pose a submitted question and ask you to send your responses. See how your answer matches up to the experts’ in the next print issue. This month, Michael H. Kroll, MD, advises on switching a patient with a history of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) from warfarin to an oral thrombin inhibitor. Clinical Dilemma: A 50-year-old patient who is currently on warfarin for a second DVT in his leg was referred to me for consultation. At age 26, he had extensive right knee surgery to repair a torn meniscus; subsequently, at age 42, he was found to have unprovoked right-extremity DVT and treated with warfarin for five years. The patient had a heterozygous factor V Leiden abnormality and was also found to have a lupus anticoagulant. He was off anticoagulation for three years and subsequently developed an unprovoked DVT on the left side below the knee. He restarted anticoagulation but wishes to switch from warfarin to an oral thrombin inhibitor, such as dabigatran. Should I have concerns about using an oral thrombin inhibitor – possibly for another 35 years – in this patient? Experts Make the Call • Anemias • Hematopoietic cell transplantation • Hemoglobinopathies • Hemostasis/thrombosis • Lymphomas • Lymphoproliferative disorders • Leukemias • Multiple myeloma & Waldenström macgroglobulinemia • Myeloproliferative Disorders • Myelodysplastic Syndromes • Thrombocytopenias Michael H. Kroll, MD Professor of Medicine Chief of the Section of Benign Hematology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center The information about this patient indicates that he needs to be on indefinite anticoagulation. This approach is unequivocally valid if he has a persistent lupus anticoagulant, anti-phospholipid antibody, or anti–beta 2 glycoprotein 1 antibody. From the point of view of bleeding risk – particularly risk identified in the large atrial fibrillation trials – dabigatran (the oral direct thrombin inhibitor you allude to) and apixaban present the best options in comparison with warfarin and rivaroxaban. Studies conducted with patients with venous thromboembolism corroborate these conclusions about safety with newer agents versus warfarin. So, I do not share your concern about long-term anticoagulation and would encourage you to switch – with Consult a Colleague is a service for ASH members that helps facilitate the exchange of information between hematologists and their peers. ASH members can seek consultation on clinical cases from qualified experts in 11 categories: Assigned volunteer (“colleagues”) will respond to inquiries within two business days (either by email or phone). Thrombin blood-clotting enzyme: Human alpha-thrombin molecule. confidence! – to either dabigatran or apixaban. Both drugs are approved for use in a patient like yours and their therapeutic index is likely to be most favorable over the next 35 years! Have a puzzling clinical dilemma? Submit a question, and read more about Consult-aColleague volunteers at hematology.org/ Clinicians/Consult. aspx or scan the QR code. *If you have a request related to a hematologic disorder not listed here, please email your recommendation to ashconsult@ hematology.org so it can be considered for addition in the future. Next Month’s Clinical Dilemma: I have a 90-year-old female patient with relatively poor performance status and newly diagnosed bulky, symptomatic Hodgkin lymphoma. What treatment options does she have – chemotherapy with ABVD (doxorubicin [Adriamycin], bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine), 28 ASH Clinical News gemcitabine as a single agent, brentuximab vedotin, others? I worry that she won’t be able to tolerate ABVD. How would you respond? Email us at ashclinicalnews@ hematology.org, or tweet us @ASHClinicalNews. DISCLAIMER: ASH does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, physicians, products, procedures, or opinions, and disclaims any representation, warranty, or guaranty as to the same. Reliance on any information provided in this article is solely at your own risk. February 2015