ASH Clinical News December 2016 | Page 34

Data Stream High Costs, Low Adherence Doctor Versus Computer A recent study of Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) found that high upfront, outof-pocket costs can force patients to delay starting treatment. Are doctors destined to go the way of travel agents and phone operators, being replaced by computers? Not likely, according to a headto-head, man-versus-machine comparison conducted by researchers from Brigham & Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. Focusing on 393 older patients (≥66 years old) who were diagnosed with CML between 2007 and 2011, researchers found that at six months postdiagnosis, only The study compared the diagnostic accuracy of 245 human physicians with 23 different symptom checkers (medical diagnostic software tools used on sites like WebMD.com) in 45 different clinical vignettes. Physicians and symptom checkers were asked to provide and rank three diagnoses. Humans were twice as accurate as the symptom checkers: 68% of patients started treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. • correct diagnosis listed first: 72.1% vs. 34.0% • correct diagnosis listed in the top 3 diagnoses: 84.3% vs. 51.2% “Clinical diagnosis is as much art as it is science, but there is great promise for technology to help augment clinical diagnoses,” the authors wrote. “That is the true value proposition of these tools.” Source: Semigran HL, Levine DM, Nundy S. Comparison of physician and computer diagnostic accuracy. JAMA Intern Med. 2016 October 10. [Epub ahead of print] When patients had access to subsidies to help cover the cost of these drugs, the delay in starting treatment was significantly shorter: 58 days vs. 108 days. These patients also started treatment Brew a Cup of Cancer Prevention The best part of waking up could also be lowering your risk of developing certain types of cancer, according to a meta-analysis of 105 prospective studies exploring the association of coffee consumption and cancer incidence. Coffee intake (1 cup per day) was found to lower the relative risk of six types of cancer: 35 % colon cancer 60 50 faster. “Delayed initiation among individuals without cost-sharing subsidies suggests that out-of-pocket costs may be a barrier to timely initiation of therapy among individuals diagnosed with CML,” the authors concluded. Source: Winn AN, Keating NL, Dusetzina SB. Factors associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor initiation and adherence among Medicare beneficiaries with chronic myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2016 October 3. [Epub ahead of print] 40 oral cancer 30 20 10 0 31% prostate cancer pharynx cancer 54% liver cancer melanoma 27% 13% 11% 11% Source: Wang A, Wang S, Zhu C, et al. Coffee and cancer risk: A meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Sci Rep. 2016 September 26. [Epub ahead of print] 32 ASH Clinical News December 2016