ASH Clinical News December 2015 | Page 62

Literature Scan New and noteworthy research from the medical literature landscape Gastrointestinal Bleeding Not Affected by Resumption of Anticoagulation Therapy When a patient requiring longterm anticoagulant therapy experiences gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, requiring interruption of therapy, clinicians must decide whether or not to resume anticoagulation following that bleed. Interruption of warfarin following a GI bleed has also been associated with an increased risk of death and thromboembolic events, while resumption of warfarin may be associated with an increased risk of recurrent bleeding. Chatree Chai-Adisaksopha, MD, from the Department of Medicine at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, and colleagues conducted a literature review of phase III, randomized, controlled trials and cohort studies in patients with atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism who received oral anticoagulation to help answer the question of whether restarting warfarin after TABLE 1. GI bleeding was safe in these patients. Through a search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases, Dr. Chai-Adisaksopha and co-authors identified three observational studies conducted between 1996 and July 2014 (TABLE 1). Thromboembolic events occurred more often in patients who stayed off of warfarin, with the resumption of warfarin leading to a significant reduction in thromboembolic events (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.68 [95% CI 0.52-0.88]; p=0.004). In addition, resuming warfarin therapy was associated with a significant reduction in patient mortality (HR=0.76; 95% CI 0.660.88; p<0.001). The researchers also observed an increase in recurrent GI bleeding among patients who resumed warfarin compared with those who did not,