Arizona in the Saddle July 2014 | Page 22

Helping Your Horse Survive Another Arizona Summer S Article courtesy of: Dr. Conaway/Reata Equine Veterinary Group, www.reataequine.com ummer in Arizona brings triple digit temperatures.  Not only is it hot for us, it is hot for our horses. Horses are actually better suited for cold weather than hot and our summer high temperatures in Tucson, especially when combined with strenuous work, can quickly lead to dehydration, heatstroke, colic or other problems. Like us, our horses mainly regulate their body temperature by sweating. They can lose between 2 and 4 gallons of water per hour if they are working hard in hot summer weather. With a few simple management changes we can help our four footed friends survive the summer in Tucson without swamp cooler or air conditioners. Water: Studies have shown that horses will drink more water when the water is cool (<70degrees). Having several water troughs placed in the corral or stall so that one is always in the shade during the day will encourage water drinking and prevent dehydration. Fresh clean water is a must, prevent small animals from drowning and fouling the water by placing a wood block in the trough that they can climb onto.  Frequent tank cleanings and contamination removal will help encourage water drinking.  Do not use chemicals when cleaning the troughs. In general, Arizona horses need about one gallon of drinking water for every pound of feed during the hotter months. Never allow your horse to pass up a chance to drink, only horses that have been denied water for many hours or days should have water restricted to small amounts over time. Allow your horse to drink on the trail or after a ride.  Some horses will not drink without eating first, so provide a small amount of hay and your horse may more readily drink water.  Horses may more readily rehydrate if allowed access to water when they are still hot rather than waiting and providing water after they are cooled out.  A good rule of thumb is to allow 10 swallows of water and then remove the water, wait 5 minutes and repeat the process until the horse stops drinking. Salt & Electrolytes: Free access to salt, loose salt is preferred over salt blocks. Allow access to electrolytes for horses that have been sweating heavily or are expected to do so. If electrolytes are added to drinking water, also provide water that does not have electrolytes because many horses will not drink water treated with electrolytes and it may decrease the overall intake of water. Only use electrolytes that are formulated for horses. Feeding: Like us, heat stress has a negative impact on feed intake, and most horses will not voluntary consume as much hay when the temperature is hot.  Horses commonly lose weight for this reason during the summer months. Shade: Make sure there is a place your horse can avoid the sun during the hottest parts of the day. A large mesquite tree works well. Constructed shade is needed if trees are not available. The higher the roof, the better the air circulation will be. Horses that are confined to solid walled stalls during the summer should have access to a box fan to help move the air and provide cooling.  Make sure the cord is not accessible to the horse and use a ground fault interrupter.  Some horses love to chew on electric cords. Skin Protection: Non pigmented skin: protect pink skin from damaging uv light. Like humans, horses in Arizona have a high rate of skin cancer from sun exposure. Protect non pigmented skin with daily application of human sun screen. The areas that are most at risk are the hairless areas of the muzzle and lips and the external genitalia.  Avoid putting sun screen around the eyes as it can be very irritating if it runs into the eye.  Fly masks are helpful in protecting the eyes from the harsh desert sun. Exercise: A horse’s exercise tolerance can decrease by 25% in hot dry weather and up to 50% in hot humid weather.  It is safe to assume that if you would be fatigued working in the summer weather conditions in Tucson, so will your horse. When a horse is pushed beyond his capacity to adapt to heat buildup then he is at risk of heat stroke and collapse.  Stick to the cooler periods of the day to ride or exercise your horse. Go slower and provide frequent breaks, if your horse becomes hot or overheated, stop riding, dismount in the shade, loosen the saddle girth and allow the horse to rest. If a halter is available, remove his bridle. Let him have sips of water until he has cooled down again. Most horses appreciate being hosed down after a workout in the summer. Over heating: Overheating can become serious. It involves prolonged elevated body temperature and increases your horse’s risk of dehydration and other serious problems. Overheating can happen quickly and unexpectedly, especially if your horse is in an enclosed or sunny space with minimal air movement. Horses that must work during hot weather and newborn foals are also at high risk. Constant access to clean cool drinking water is a must. Also provide constant access to loose or block salt to ® Outfitting those who work, play, love and live the Farm & Ranch and Western lifestyle! Sign up to receive ads by email, exclusive promotions and contests at www.calranch.com/contest Prices good at all Arizona locations only throug