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Arctic Yearbook 2015
Acknowledgments
The author is grateful to the contributions of ENS Krakower, ENS Lash, and ENS Zimmerman,
whose research at USCGA while 1/c cadets strengthened and shaped this paper.
Notes
1. More information about the Crystal Serenity can be found on the website of Crystal Cruises,
http://www.crystalcruises.com/northwest-passage-cruise/northwest-passage--6319.
2. For more information on the frequency and scale of ferry disasters, see Worldwide Ferry
Safety Association, www.ferrysafety.org, or in-depth reporting in Mother Jones by James
West, 3 June 2015; and Foreign Policy, by Elias Groll, 16 April 2014.
3. For a discussion of ship traffic in the Arctic, please see Allianz Safety and Shipping Review
2015 p. 27-28. The report is available here: http://www.agcs.allianz.com/aboutus/news/shipping-review-2015/.
4. The full treaty is available: https://www.ifrc.org/docs/idrl/N813EN.pdf.
5. For more information on the sinking of Oryong 501, see the article by Sang-hun (NYT,
2014); Honings (19 December 2014 and 15 December 2014); Klint (KTUU, 2014); Miller
(Juneau Empire, 2014); and US Coast Guard (27 January 2015).
6. “Background Briefing on Arctic Council Preview”, Department of State, 24 April 2015.
Available at http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2015/04/241067.htm
7. For more information on the Polar Code, see IMO,
http://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/polar/Pages/default.aspx.
8. In books like Fooled by Randomness (2005) and The Black Swan (2010), and others, Taleb argues
for the significance of outlier events not captured in predictive models, and points to the
impact of chaos and human error.
9. For a fascinating look at rogue or freak waves, see the MAXWAVE project conducted by a
German-led consortium based out of the Institute of Coastal Research, Geesthacht,
Germany.
References
Agreement on Cooperation on Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue in the Arctic. Signed
12 May 2011, Nuuk, Greenland. Available at
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/205770.pdf (last accessed 26 August 2015)
Allianz Global Corporate and Speciality. “Safety and Shipping Review 2015”.
http://www.agcs.allianz.com/assets/PDFs/Reports/Shipping-Review-2015.pdf.
Arctic Council. Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment 2009 Report. Protection of the Arctic Marine
Environment (PAME) Working Group.
http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/detect/documents/AMSA_2009_Report_2nd_print.pdf (last
accessed 26 August 2015).
Large-Scale Disaster Response in