Agri Kultuur September 2014 | Page 58

The Vulnerable Gladiolus miniatus. species flowers from August to September, is Critically Endangered and is one of the rarest plants in nature. Too few individuals remain in the wild (only one natural population survives in an area less than 50m2 in the grounds of the South African Astronomical Observatory in Cape Town) for this species to be considered viable and the species is literally on the brink of extinction in the wild. Moraea aristata grew abundantly in the shale soils on the slopes of Devil’s Peak to Rondebosch. The threats to this species have been urban expansion of the City of Cape Town, habitat degradation, and infestations of exotic and alien invasive grasses. Babiana nana (Dwarf Babiana, Bobbejaantjie) flowers from August to September and is classified as Endangered. Populations of this species are severely fragmented and declining largely as a result of The Near Threatened Satyrium carneum. The Critically Endangered Moraea aristata. coastal development. This species used to be widespread from Lambert’s Bay to Mossel Bay, but is becoming increasingly extinct in the southern parts of its range. The threats to this species are urban and agricultural expansion, coastal development and infestations of alien invasive plants. Geissorhiza radians (Wine Cup, Kelkiewyn, Wynkelkie) flowers from September to October and is classified as Endangered. A previously widespread and common species, this species’ range has been much reduced largely due to habitat transformation. Currently less than 50% of the previously recorded populations remain, the rest are extinct. The treats to this species are urban and agricultural expansion, animal grazing, and the effects of fertiliser and herbicide runoff. Gladiolus miniatus (Salmon GladioThe Critically Endangered Disa procera. Photo : Ismail Ebrahim The Endangered Babiana nana. lus, Pypie) flowers from October to November and is classified as Vulnerable. Previously widespread on limestone soils close to the seashore from Hawston to Cape Agulhas, this species’ range has shrunk by almost 25% in recent years. Roughly 70% of the species’ remaining range is being threatened by severe alien plant invasions and coastal development. The remaining threats to this species include habitat degradation and pollution. Threats to our Biodiversity The threats to our biodiversity can loosely be classified into either historical or emerging threats. The three most important historical threats are: permanent habitat loss (from urban and agricultural expansion, and infrastructure development); habitat degradation (through overgrazing, improper conservation management practices and inappropriate fire regimes); The Critically Endangered Serruria furcellata Photo: Andrew Massyn