Agri Kultuur June / Junie 2018 | Page 6

Future Food: In Vitro Meat Sors Pretorius “We shall escape the absurdity of growing a whole chicken in order to eat the breast or wing, by growing these parts separately under a suitable medium.” Winston Churchill, Fifty Years Hence, The Strand Magazine (December 1931) I n vitro meat, also called victimless meat, cultured meat, tube steak, cruelty-free meat, shmeat, and test-tube meat, is an animal- flesh product that has never been part of a living animal with exception of the foetal calf serum taken from a slaughtered cow. In the 21st century, several research projects have worked on in vitro meat in the laboratory. The first in vitro beef burger, created by a Dutch team, was eaten at a demonstration for the press in London in August 2013. Cultured meat is prohibitively expensive, but it is expected that the cost could be reduced to compete with that of conventionally obtained meat as technology improves. In vitro meat is also a cultural issue. Some argue that it is less objectionable than traditionally obtained meat because it doesn’t involve killing and reduces the risk of animal cruelty, while others disagree with eating meat that has not developed naturally. History The theoretical possibility of growing meat in an industrial setting has long captured the public imagination. In vitro cultivation of muscular fibres was performed as early as 1971 by Russell Ross. Indeed, the abstract was smooth muscle derived from the inner media and intima of immature guinea pig aorta were grown for up to 8 weeks in cell culture. Th