Africa Water, Sanitation & Hygiene September - October 2016 Vol. 11 No.4 | Page 43

July

August

In Bolivia, reuse of untreated wastewater to irrigate crops is alleviating pressure on water supply.
With the right wastewater treatment it can also be a safe and sustainable water source for farming.

The availability of water for cities in the catchment is shrinking due to land¬use changes, demands
for irrigation and energy, environmental degradation, climate change, and new urban settlements
upstream. Often there is not enough water to satisfy all users.

Source: Cisneros at al. (2015) Supporting poor-¬inclusive water and sanitation sector reform:
wastewater reuse for irrigation in Bolivia production, commercialization, and consumption of
wastewater irrigated crops in the Altiplano region.

September

Less than 2% of Indonesia’s urban population has sewerage coverage, and instead uses on-site
sanitation solutions. Many of the on site solutions have unsealed bases, meaning that untreated
wastewater seeps out into the environment.
Source: Mills et al. (2014) Assessing on¬site systems and sludge accumulation rates to understand pit
emptying in Indonesia.

Source: World Bank (2012) Integrated Urban Water Management ¬ Lessons and
Recommendations from Regional Experiences in Latin America, Central Asia, and Africa

October

By 2025, nearly two ¬thirds of countries will be water-¬stressed and 2.4 billion people will face
absolute water scarcity, challenging humanity to better manage Earth’s water resource.
Remote sensing with satellites orbiting Earth can improve data inputs and inform decisions about
water management projects.
Source: WPP/World Bank (2015) Water Security for All: The Next Wave of Tools

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