Publications
Economic implications of agricultural reuse of treated wastewater in Israel : A statewide long-term perspective
This study assesses the welfare effects of treated wastewater reuse in agriculture , applying a dynamic non-linear mathematical programming optimization model . It finds that irrigation with treated wastewater contributes 3.3 billion USD in terms of present value . Avoiding damages from treated wastewater irrigation is capped at 2.7 billion USD .
The study uses an Israeli version of the Multi-Year Water Allocation System ( MYWAS ) mathematical programming model to conduct statewide , long-term analyses of three topics associated with agricultural reuse of wastewater .
The authors find that : ( 1 ) enabling agricultural irrigation with treated wastewater significantly reduces the optimal capacity levels of seawater and brackish-water desalination over the simulated 3-decade period , and increases Israel ’ s welfare by 3.3 billion USD in terms of present values ; ( 2 ) a policy requiring desalination of treated wastewater pre-agricultural reuse , as a method to prevent long-run damage to the soil and groundwater , reduces welfare by 2.7 billion USD ; hence , such a policy is warranted only if the avoided damages exceed this welfare loss ; ( 3 ) desalination of treated wastewater in order to increase freshwater availability for agricultural irrigation is not optimal , since the costs overwhelm the generated agricultural benefits .
The authors also find the results associated with these three topics to be sensitive to the natural recharge of Israel ’ s freshwater aquifers , and to the rate at which domestic-water demand evolves due to population and income growth .
Author ( s ): Reznik , A ., Feinerman , E ., Finkelshtain , I ., Fisher , F ., Huber-Lee , A ., Joyce , B ., and I . Kan Year : 2017
In : Ecological Economics , 135 , May 2017 , 222 – 233 DOI : 10.1016 / j . ecolecon . 2017.01.013
Type : Journal article Language : English Centre : US Link to SEI authors : Annette Huber-Lee Brian Joyce
International Scheme to Evaluate Household Water Treatment Technologies
Publication details Authors : World Health Organization
Number of pages : 64 Publication date : 2016 Languages : English ISBN : 978 92 4 1509947 Overview
In 2014 , WHO established the International Scheme to Evaluate Household Water Treatment Technologies . The Scheme aims to consistently and independently evaluate the performance of household water treatment ( HWT ) technologies against WHO performance recommendations .
This Round I Report of the Scheme is the first ever global assessment of HWT performance , and details the results from a range of HWT technologies including solar , chemical , filtration and ultraviolet ( UV ). It highlights that of the ten HWT products evaluated , eight were found to meet WHO performance recommendations . The report also recommends specific actions at the national level needed to ensure that health gains from HWT are realized , including strengthening regulation and evaluation of HWT technologies and improving monitoring of use .
SDG 6 – 2018 Synthesis is Report on Water and Sanitation in the 2030 Agenda ( planned for May 2018 )
In order to adopt an integrated approach to SDG 6 reporting and , thereby , help policy-makers keep track of global progress , the SDG 6 Synthesis Report 2018 on Water and Sanitation ( working title ) is currently being developed and planned for publication in May 2018 .
This report will feed into the discussions of the High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development ( HLPF ) in-depth review of SDG 6 in mid-2018 and enables the United Nations to speak with one voice . The Synthesis report is developed by UN-Water and the production is coordinated by the UN World Water Assessment Programme ( WWAP - UNESCO ) with the following UN-Water Members woking together in a Task Force : CEO Water Mandate , FAO , ILO , UNECE , UNEP , UNDP , UNICEF , WMO and WHO .
Town Water Supply and Sanitation : Challenges , Solutions , and Guidelines
In Africa , Asia , and Latin America , the number of towns and their populations are expected to double within 15 years , and again within 30 . Already , one-third of Africans and Asians live in towns of 2,000 to 200,000 people . This rapid urbanization makes improving water supply
38 Africa Water , Sanitation & Hygiene • March - April 2017