Africa Water, Sanitation & Hygiene July-August 2015 Vol. 10 No.4 | Page 19

Water Supply years, the commission predicts twice as many breaks and environment, potentially contributing to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. The research, which will be presented today at the 249th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS), suggests that a re-evaluation of wastewater treatment and disinfection practices is needed. Figure 1, per WSSC: Water main breaks are expected to increase dramatically in the near future. leaks per 100 miles in its system (see Figure 1). With this dramatic future looming ahead for WSSC and the rest of the nation’s water utilities, Irvine emphasizes the value of technologies and models like the ones implemented at WSSC. He also sees cause for optimism. “Given the magnitude of infrastructure investment needs and the limits on available funding, innovation and ingenuity are our best allies,” he said. “Fortunately, technology is rapidly advancing to provide the analytical tools to help us optimize the management of our assets.” Until this next great technological breakthrough arrives, however, a world without water main breaks remains a pipe dream. About the author Peter Chawaga is an Associate Editor, Water Online This article was reprinted with permission. Chlorine use in sewage treatment could promote antibiotic resistance Chlorine, a disinfectant commonly used in most wastewater treatment plants, may be failing to completely eliminate pharmaceuticals from wastes. As a result, trace levels of Graduate student Nicole Kennedy measures the these substances get antibiotic activity of various samples in the lab. discharged from the Credit: Olya Keen plants to the nation’s waterways. And now, scientists are reporting preliminary studies that show chlorine treatment may encourage the formation of new, unknown antibiotics that could also enter the “Pharmaceuticals that get out into the environment can harm aquatic life, making them react slowly in the wild and disrupting their hormone systems,” notes Olya Keen, Ph.D. She adds that increased antibiotic exposure, even at low levels in the environment, can lead to development of antibiotic-resistant microbes and a general weakening of antibiotics’ abilities to fight bacterial