Africa Water, Sanitation & Hygiene December 2018 Vol.13 No.6 | Page 31

8 September October Water scarcity, exacerbated by climate change, could cost some regions up to 6% of their GDP, spur migration and, in the extreme, spark civil conflict. Avoidable diarrheal diseases kill one child every minute. November December 4.5 billion people lack safely managed sanitation. 71% of the Earth’s surface is water but only 4% is freshwater and, of that, 0.5% is safe for human consumption. Africa Water, Sanitation & Hygiene • December 2018 31