Africa Water, Sanitation & Hygiene Africa Water & Sanitation & Hygiene Nov-Dec 2017 | Page 39

2017 CALENDAR Water Challenges September Increased financing The total cost of providing sustainable water and sanitation services for all is estimated at around $114 billion per year, three times the current investment levels. November Community participation Public participation and increased awareness are crucial to providing sustainable water and sanitation services. October Improved water resources management As competition increases over water resources between domestic, industrial, agricultural users and the environment, improving the way water resources are managed is crucial to ensuring a water- secure world. December Operation and maintenance Budgets for operation and maintenance expenses are commonly underfunded, which has serious implications on the infrastructure lifespan and the quality of service. Africa Water, Sanitation & Hygiene • November - December 2017 39